Lying directly north of Fairfield, and of about the same size, is Upper Fairfield Township. In 1851, when there were not as many roads through that section as now, the inhabitants petitioned the court to divide Fairfield Township into two parts as there was too much inconvenience for collectors and assessors in getting around. The petition was granted September 12, 1851, and a new township set off. It was at first given the name of Pollock in honor of James Pollock, who was then president judge of the county. After two years the people became dissatisfied with the name on account of the judge’s political affiliations and asked the legislature to change the name to Upper Fairfield which was done by act of January 29, 1858. It is the twenty-second in size in the county and contains 11,200 acres.

The surface of the lower part of the county is rolling with hills and mountains to the north. There are some fine farms especially along the creek bottoms and low lying lands. In the early days the northern part was covered by a heavy growth of timber and lumbering was the only industry.

Upper Fairfield was settled at an early day by a sturdy class of pioneers and many of their descendants still live in the township.

Loyalsock Creek flows along its eastern border and afforded a vehicle for floating lumber during the period of the ascendancy of that industry. There are two villages in the township, Loyalsock and Fairfield Center, both of them composed of houses with no industries, the population being wholly devoted to farming. According to the census of 1920 there were 542 in the township, not as many by two hundred as there were in 1880.